Wednesday, 25 April 2018

Study Task 7 - CoP Project Statement

Throughout completing this brief I have explored the way in which personal ethical beliefs should take precedence over professional beliefs in order to continue thriving in changing your practice, thus improving. Through my initial research I began looking into the ideas of other designers and what they say about their personal opinion on professional values, most simply described by Steff Geisbuhler (2010) as “a major ethical dilemma is to be hired to work for a client whose products, services or actions are harmful, criminal, politically unacceptable, or promoting violence and war, foster morally unacceptable opinions or actions” a designer faces this dilemma each and every single day. Although it is becoming more accepted to say no and stand your own moral beliefs, even if the client does not particularly have the same stance issue you can be pushed to convince them, as identified by SophieThomas, ‘Sometimes the most interesting jobs are those clients who aren’t ethically minded but can be persuaded or pushed!’.
This led to me having an understanding of the way in which designers perceive their work, and how they valued their work. It is widely understood that it is hard for designers when they start out to turn down work, as they need a name within the industry, Johnathan Baldwin (2006) argues ‘it’s not too difficult to refuse work if you are financially secure, but being principled can be an unaffordable luxury’. Although I agree with this statement due to the natural way in which the hierarchy of the industry works, I decided to challenge this within my visual exploration. The creation of the zine that actively highlights the positives of saying no to a client and sticking to your own ethical moral beliefs shows the way in which saying no can have its negative connotations removed and actually benefit oneself as a designer. My further research allowed me to gain an understanding of the way in which successful designers use this technique within their everyday practice, although not taking directly positive points from the quotes from designers, the quotes in which they are talking clearly explains the way in which they had turned down work which had led to other things. Through doing so they are remaining professional yet also withstanding their personal beliefs.
By raising the awareness of the positives that can come out of turning back down from a client it gives young designers the confidence to do so. The product itself was aimed towards young designers and therefore created as such, this is aimed towards young designers that they are still learning their own practice in developing their own visual style and voice. Because of the nature of trying to develop a larger portfolio and understanding of the industry itself younger designers are more prone to saying yes to every project. Therefore, something is needed to allow them to understand that this isn't the case.
In terms of design and believe I created an outcome which successfully fitted with the brief, and was also something which could be further expanded and produced on mass production.


CoP3 Proposal

1. RESEARCH QUESTION

  • the use of graphics to represent different groups within society
  • the use of design to represent people against society norms 
  • psychological links between visuals and the expected 
  • does graphic design help categorise people through learnt imagery in a similar way to that of brand identities
  • is it possible to completely understand and design for another geographical location and completely understand the culture you are adding to 
2. RATIONALE (Why do you want to research this topic? What impact will this have on your practice?)
  • understand the link between visual theories and social catagorisation
  • to gain an understanding how have recent communities between societies become recognised through linked visuals in such a short amount of time
  • it will allow me to understand the way in which design changes depending on the community and audience you are focusing it towards but also was one how to design towards a particular demographic.
3. CONTEXTS (What are the immediate contexts in which your theoretical and practical research will be situated? Political? Social? Technological? Aesthetic? Cultural?)
  • Political - parties branding and supporters visuals that are linked. 
  • Social - forced class boundaries enforced by design.
  • Technological - younger generations expect more from the design around them
  • Aesthetic - trends are constantly changing, do people change with them or simple stick to one which then contributes to the limitations of societies categorisation of them. 
  • Cultural - different countries have different expectations of designs due to the previous mentioned features. 

4. THEORETICAL APPROACH (Identify no more than two potential theories that will help structure your research – must be appropriate to the theme/question)
  • psychology and psychoanalysis - investigate the way that people associated graphics with different social groups/classes and how this is either enhanced by industry to tap into a certain demographic or whether it should be neutralised in order to create a more balanced society. 
  • semiotics - how does symbolism categorise particular groups in society. 
5. METHODS (Secondary: theorisation, semiotic analysis, textual analysis, content analysis, discourse analysis / Primary: surveys, interviews, focus groups, observations)
  • theorisation of the types of imagery and symbolism that is linked to particular society bound groups. 
  • content analysis - looking at what is present in the current design sphere and the way in which is changes depending on different groups within society, e.g. lgbt community. 
  • focus groups - examine the way in which people perceive different pieces of design depending on what they have learnt from society for that design to be linked to. 
6. PRACTICAL OUTCOME (what do you plan to produce/develop?)
  • a range of editorial pieces that focus on changing learnt associated visual links with particular communities and groups in society.
  • experiment with geographical locations on how different societies accept design from different or alternative societies. 
7. RESOURCES (what resources will you need to access?)
  • travel resources, to investigate different areas.
  • camera, to document information 
  • in depth research 
8. SUMMER READING LIST (find 5 books that you will endeavour to read in preparation for CoP3 - related to either 3 or 4 above)
  • Envisioning Information, book 

  • http://designtaxi.com/news/361007/Minimalistic-Visualizations-Explain-Differences-In-Eastern-And-Western-Cultures/
  • Clean New World: Culture, Politics and Graphic Design 

  • Designing Across Cultures

  • https://www.creativebloq.com/news/expansive-type-project-helps-to-enable-global-communication
9. TIME MANAGEMENT (Plan of actions from now until 14th Dec 2018)
  • gather information and an understanding of the different visual and cultural differences in design locally and globally.
  • create a substantial body of research.
  • travel to places and get a feel for how people perceive design differently in different locations. 
  • being to consider design techniques and begin to create a body of outcomes, to allow myself to get an extensive personal understanding.

CoP3 Briefing

  1. Research Question: 
  2. Rationale (Why do you want to research this topic? What impact will this have on your practice?)
  3. Contexts (What are the immediate contexts in which your theoretical and practical research will be situated? Political? Social? Technological? Aesthetic? Cultural?)
  4. Theoretical Approach (identify no more than two potential theories that will help structure your research – must be appropriate to theme/question)
  5. Methods (secondary: theorisation, semiotic analysis, textual analysis, content analysis, discourse analysis/primary: surveys interviews focus groups observations)
  6. Practical Outcomes (what you plan to produce/develop)
  7. Resources (what resources we need to access)
  8.  Summer reading list (find five books that you will endeavour to read in preparation for cop3 – related to either three or four above)
  9. Time management (plan of actions from now until December 14, 2018)


Design Boards OUGD501

Zine Content

In order to ensure the best efficiency when designing the zine itself I researched and collected my content before the creation of the zine.
With the layout consisting of 16 pages, I can create both a front and back cover as well as a centre double page spread with an illustration describing alternative ways of saying no. This leave 6 double page spread for different points of saying no, from analysing and taking consideration from the quotes that were featured in my essay I have thought about what these quotes say, and also considered 20 quotes found from know designers and used the most appropriate to fit with the zine.

Quotes: 

“Good design is obvious. Great design is transparent.” — Joe Sparano, graphic designer for Oxide Design Co.
“Content precedes design. Design in the absence of content is not design, it’s decoration.” — Jeffrey Zeldman, web designer and entrepreneur
“Good design is all about making other designers feel like idiots because that idea wasn’t theirs.” — Frank Chimero, designer and author of “The Shape of Design
“Design is in everything we make, but it’s also between those things. It’s a mix of craft, science, storytelling, propaganda, and philosophy.” — Erik Adigard, designer and media artist
“It took me a few seconds to draw it, but it took me 34 years to learn how to draw it in a few seconds.” —Paula Scher, graphic designer, painter and art educator
“Design is about making things good (and then better) and right (and fantastic) for the people who use and encounter them.” —Matt Beale, unknown
“Recognizing the need is the primary condition for design.” —Charles Eames, architect and graphic designer
“Design is the search for a magical balance between business and art; art and craft; intuition and reason; concept and detail; playfulness and formality; client and designer; designer and printer; and printer and public.” —Valerie Pettis, co-founder of Pettis Design
“Graphic design will save the world right after rock and roll does.” —David Carson, graphic designer and art director
“I want everything we do to be beautiful. I don’t give a damn whether the client understands that that’s worth anything, or that the client thinks it’s worth anything, or whether it is worth anything. It’s worth it to me. It’s the way I want to live my life. I want to make beautiful things, even if nobody cares.” —Saul Bass, graphic designer and filmmaker
“I try not to make any decisions that I’m not excited about.” —Jake Nickell, Threadless CEO
“I don’t need an alarm clock. My ideas wake me.” —Ray Bradbury, author
“Design is so simple. That’s why it is so complicated.” —Paul Rand, art director and graphic designer
“Don’t worry about failure; you only have to be right once.” —Drew Houston, Dropbox co-founder and CEO
“If you remember the shape of your spoon at lunch, it has to be the wrong shape. The spoon and the letter are tools; one to take food from the bowl, the other to take information off the page … When it is a good design, the reader has to feel comfortable because the letter is both banal and beautiful.” — Adrian Frutiger, typeface designer
“The ultimate inspiration is the deadline.” — Nolan Bushnell, founder of Atari and Chyck E. Cheese
“Readers usually ignore the typographic interface, gliding comfortably along literacy’s habitual groove. Sometimes, however, the interface should be allowed to fail. By making itself evident, typography can illuminate the construction and identity of a page, screen, place or product.” — Ellen Lupton, author of “Thinking with Type
“There is only one type of designer – the type that cares about type.” —Rohan Nanavati, manager of Roar Studios
“Times New Roman is not a font choice so much as the absence of a font choice, like the blackness of deep space is not a color.” — Matthew Butterick, author of “Butterick’s Practical Typography
“Typography needs to be audible. Typography needs to be felt. Typography needs to be experienced.” — Helmut Schmid, graphic designer and typographer

Points I'm making: 

Designing is a process and this takes time, invest your time in creating work you love. Not just using your time to create content to fill. 
Design is everything and evident everywhere, everything started with a design. That design should be something that aids your beliefs or helps others understand them. Don’t design for someone or something you don’t agree with, because it will carry on.
No can be difficult to say without explaining yourself properly. 
Saying, “maybe” confuses you and others. If you don’t agree with a project and you’re considering whether or not you should be doing it, then don’t do it! Don’t dilute your beliefs, take an act of self-respect. 
Rather than immediately responding to requests, ask yourself if it’s what you really want? If you’re saying yes to everything, are you considering your own needs. This could lead you to resenting your practice, and overall hindering your work.
When you say no to one thing, you’re saying yes to another. Saying no to some projects free’s you up both emotionally and physically. Giving you the chance to engage yourself in other activities, which will inspire your design.
If you are saying yes to every project, inevitably some of the projects you won’t be passionate about. 
If youre not passionate about a design, are you really putting your all into it? If you’re focusing on projects you are passionate about, by saying no to others, you’ll be challenging your best practice each time, and improving it by doing so.

Zine - Final Design

Zine Photoshoot/Final product

Zine Development + Process


The zine itself didn't follow any guidelines in terms of it was not designed for a specific client, in order to combat this I designed in a way which was conceptually representative of multiple different reasonings. This is easier to do within this type of zine, as it was aimed towards designers and therefore there we should be able to understand the subliminal messaging that is put into the design of the actual outcome. Due to this factor wanted to keep the visual representation rather conceptual, showing a meaning throughout the book itself.

 Figure 1
 figure 2
 figure 3

The cover itself was designed on the idea with the word not the white writing represents each of the major ways of saying no within the world using the top 20 languages that are spoken globally, phonetic soundings was used to avoid the use of symbols on top the cover and keep it letter based only. Only lowercase letters was used, this was to make the coverlet more casual the language idea plays on the fact that within professionalism you would not only use lowercase letters, neither would you speak within the colloquial style that the cover stating. The cover uses common slang language as this is not what you would use in professional agencies or to client, therefore by using this it is visually representing the flip of going against professionalism into a personal stance. The way in which saying no in professionalism and going along with your own personal views also as against professional standard views. as can be seen above the most spoken languages are not in correlating order this was purely due to placement of the letterforms in order to not have letterforms overlapping each other and leave a clear view of the yellow and white contrast they needed to be moving about accordingly.

Figure 4
The highest possible see why CYMK value of yellow was used, to ensure that the zine was the possibly brightest it could be once printed this making it eye-catching and instantly recognisable, yellow as previously spoken about was chosen due to colour theory reasons which should be picked up by the designers who read this.
The only other colours that should be used within this zine is black and white, these are both the two highest contrasting colours against yellow on the spectrum; and therefore will both show up but in different lights. Meaning when both white and black is on the page black takes predominance in the visuals of the audience, yet the white is still visible as can be seen above in figure 4.

Figure 5
As can be seen above the strict grid of 3 x 5 for each page of each spread, this was stuck to strictly throughout the zine this was to ensure that consistency was kept throughout the design, as well as represented the way in which designers conform to do what a client tells them (never breaking the grid) simply receiving orders from the client and adhering to them. This design choice contrasted against the choice of using yellow and the typeface of which I did (Europa), Represents the contrast in saying no and how it is not accepted in professionalism on a personal level will help you develop as a designer.

Figure 6
Within figure 6 you can see the experimentation I took when adding imagery to the piece, the imagery was Simplistic with white large backgrounds in the least minimal colour possible, this was the re-colourised to match the yellow with the rest of the publication. Although due to the natural shading within the image of this made the entire publication seem washed out in comparison with the bright vibrant yellows of the strong block pages. This led to the decision of the removal of the imagery itself keeping the entire zine solely type, although this was broken up in the centre of the zine. 



Within the centre of the zine to break up the amount of text I added a small illustration, this then again plays on the idea of the colloquial style, in terms of the title referring to something which you would not expect. The younger generation think of saying no without saying words there are connotations attached to a certain particular type of sign language, normally associated with the middle finger, this gives an alternative to that saying that professionally you can say no using sign language and gives a step-by-step instruction through the illustrations; This reference can be found within the small text. This is created is almost a sarcastic joke, something which young designers are seen to engage with, and therefore keep them interested within the publication.
Each of the points which are positive reasons to say no to a client are summarised with a small title at the top of the page this is then reaffirmed by a quote from a designer. The quotes from the designers rule from industry-standard level design is meaning that the new designers and students who would be reading this publication would be inspired by people who agree with the opinion of the zine, and has seen to be successful. Originally I experimented with adding just famous quotes but I believe by adding them from designers themselves it makes the quotes more relatable for the audience.


The quotes don't directly linked to the explanation, but do make sense alongside the explanation. For example the design above shows a quote about recognising the need is the primary condition for design, and the positive about saying no here is about knowing what you want. The link between the two is the fact that by not rushing into everything and saying no to some clients you are showing that you know what you want.

Each spread apart from the centre spread features a large number, this is accompanied by a hashtag which is counting the positives of saying no overall there are six positives. Through adding the numbers it adds a sense of dimensions in terms of telling the audience that there's more than one positive to saying no and reassuring them that it is okay to do so. The colour black was chosen to draw the eye to the straight away there underlined with a thick but even white lines throughout the zine, further highlighting the numbers on each page this also adds a sense of separation between the explanation and the number itself. Furthermore this encourages consistency throughout the design as white is featured both on the front and back cover.

As can be seen above from all of the figures each of my designs within kept strictly within the grid this is to represent the way which in professionalism it is not seen to be okay to say no. Yet this is contradicted with both the colour and type choices as previously discussed, and therefore I believe keeping it both in the grid and to a structure throughout the book adds design consistency, yet also adds a sense of contrast between the design choices themselves and the structural layout choices of the zine.

Process:

The scene was printed in the digital print room on double sided Olin regular 120 GSM paper, apart from the cover which was printed on a thicker weight (300 gsm) in order to give the buckets tactile nature to be able to be handed out passed around and also we referred back to at a later date.
Before the book itself was bound it was printed on a 3 to ensure a full bleed the fold was then created through the use of the folding machine to ensure a concise and accurate fold throughout both of the booklets. A staple binding machine was then used to again improve the accuracy of the binding itself, through doing so it is yet again producing the most professional outcome; and therefore creating the best industry standard zine style which is appropriate for the design, ensuring that the design would work if put into context.




Visual Investigation - Essay References

in order to correctly understand the way in which designers suggest that through choosing personal ethical beliefs you must say no to some work, I decided to analyse some of the quotes found within my essay some of them agree with what I am saying and some them do not yet flipped on their head they all seem to have positive points towards at some point saying no to a client and the way in which could be beneficial.

Steff Geisbuhler states “a major ethical dilemma is to be hired to work for a client whose products, services or actions are harmful, criminal, politically unacceptable, or are promoting violence and war, or foster morally unacceptable opinions or actions”
The quote is stating that it is better to say no to being hired to people who have an ethical and moral opinions, therefore highlighting a benefit of saying no to a client and sticking to your morals, therefore standing your ground.

Delyth Morgan ‘If you see your purpose as communicating a message, then you've got to have something to say. This inevitably means you have a perspective'
This quote is highlighting the fact that each designer has a perspective and something to say as their job is to communicate a message, through communicating a message they must believe in it therefore saying no to other projects may give you time to establish what you believe in but also allow you the time to focus on promoting your own message.

Johnathan Baldwin ‘it’s not too difficult to refuse work if you are financially secure, but being principled can be an unaffordable luxury.’
This quote is highlighting the fact that in order to be principles you have to turn jobs down, although this can be flipped on its head because of turning jobs down it frees your time up to be able to take on jobs that you do support and therefore be able to say both financially secure and work with ethical beliefs that you agree with.